diff --git a/src/lib/error.ts b/src/lib/error.ts
index ab5cad1..b6294a5 100644
--- a/src/lib/error.ts
+++ b/src/lib/error.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
  */
 export interface GraphError {
 	message: string;
-	path?: string[];
+	/** GraphQL response path - field names and list indexes. */
+	path?: ReadonlyArray<string | number>;
 }
 
 /** RawError is an error that can be converted to a string by ErrorMessage */
@@ -15,14 +16,22 @@ export type RawError = ErrorMessage | Error | string | GraphError[];
  * @returns true if the error is a RawError, false otherwise
  */
 export const isRawError = (error: unknown): error is RawError => {
+	const isGraphError = (entry: unknown): entry is GraphError => {
+		if (!entry || typeof entry !== 'object') return false;
+		const candidate = entry as { message?: unknown; path?: unknown };
+		if (typeof candidate.message !== 'string') return false;
+		if (candidate.path === undefined) return true;
+		return (
+			Array.isArray(candidate.path) &&
+			candidate.path.every((p) => typeof p === 'string' || typeof p === 'number')
+		);
+	};
+
 	return (
 		error instanceof ErrorMessage ||
 		error instanceof Error ||
 		typeof error === 'string' ||
-		(Array.isArray(error) &&
-			error.every(
-				(e) => typeof e.message === 'string' && (e.path === undefined || Array.isArray(e.path))
-			))
+		(Array.isArray(error) && error.every(isGraphError))
 	);
 };
 
@@ -73,6 +82,21 @@ export const checkGraphResponse = (
 export class ErrorMessage {
 	private _lines: string[] = [];
 
+	/** formats a GraphQL path using dot notation for fields and brackets for indexes */
+	private static formatGraphPath(path: ReadonlyArray<string | number>): string {
+		let formatted = '';
+		for (const segment of path) {
+			if (typeof segment === 'number') {
+				formatted += `[${segment}]`;
+			} else if (formatted.length === 0) {
+				formatted = segment;
+			} else {
+				formatted += `.${segment}`;
+			}
+		}
+		return formatted;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Always creates a new ErrorMessage instance, even if there are no errors.
 	 * @param errors The raw errors to convert and store, or null/undefined for no error.
@@ -136,7 +160,7 @@ export class ErrorMessage {
 			errorLines = raw.map((e) => {
 				const messageString = e.message || 'Unknown error';
 				if (e.path && e.path.length > 0) {
-					return `"${messageString}" at ${e.path.join('.')}`;
+					return `"${messageString}" at ${ErrorMessage.formatGraphPath(e.path)}`;
 				}
 				return messageString;
 			});